Hyperthyroidism is described as a condition of what?

Hyperthyroidism is described as a condition of what?

• A. Hypermetabolism and increased sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to protein breakdown and decreased glucose tolerance.
• B. Hypometabolism with decreased activity.
• C. Normal metabolism with no symptoms.
• D. Autoimmune destruction of thyroid leading to hypothyroidism.

Answer: (A)

Hyperthyroidism raises the body's metabolic rate and boosts the effects of the sympathetic nervous system through excess thyroid hormones. This causes higher energy expenditure and heat production, leading to weight loss (often with increased appetite), heat intolerance, and signs like tachycardia and tremor. The surplus thyroid hormone also drives protein breakdown, causing muscle weakness and wasting. In addition, it can worsen glucose tolerance by increasing hepatic glucose production and promoting insulin resistance, so glucose handling after meals is less efficient. The other statements describe opposite states—hypometabolism, normal metabolism with no symptoms, or hypothyroidism from autoimmune destruction—which do not fit hyperthyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism raises the body's metabolic rate and boosts the effects of the sympathetic nervous system through excess thyroid hormones. This causes higher energy expenditure and heat production, leading to weight loss (often with increased appetite), heat intolerance, and signs like tachycardia and tremor. The surplus thyroid hormone also drives protein breakdown, causing muscle weakness and wasting. In addition, it can worsen glucose tolerance by increasing hepatic glucose production and promoting insulin resistance, so glucose handling after meals is less efficient. The other statements describe opposite states—hypometabolism, normal metabolism with no symptoms, or hypothyroidism from autoimmune destruction—which do not fit hyperthyroidism.